An experiment is any process or study which results in the collection of data, the outcome of which is unknown. In statistics, the term is usually restricted to situations in which the researcher has control over some of the conditions under which the experiment takes place.
Example
Before introducing a new drug treatment to reduce high blood pressure, the manufacturer carries out an experiment to compare the effectiveness of the new drug with that of one currently prescribed. Newly
diagnosed subjects are recruited from a group of local general practices. Half of them are chosen at random to receive the new drug, the remainder receiving the present one. So, the researcher has control over the type of subject recruited and the way in which they are allocated to treatment.
Experimental (or Sampling) Unit
A unit is a person, animal, plant or thing which is actually studied by a researcher; the basic objects upon which the study or experiment is carried out.
Example
Before introducing a new drug treatment to reduce high blood pressure, the manufacturer carries out an experiment to compare the effectiveness of the new drug with that of one currently prescribed. Newly
diagnosed subjects are recruited from a group of local general practices. Half of them are chosen at random to receive the new drug, the remainder receiving the present one. So, the researcher has control over the type of subject recruited and the way in which they are allocated to treatment.
Experimental (or Sampling) Unit
A unit is a person, animal, plant or thing which is actually studied by a researcher; the basic objects upon which the study or experiment is carried out.
For example, a person; a monkey; a sample of soil; a pot of seedlings; a postcode area; a doctor's practice.
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